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South-North Relations

Policy on North Korean Defectors

본문영역

Number of North Korean Defectors Entering South Korea

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors Entering South Korea
Category ~'98 ~'01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 '17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23 Total
Male 831 565 510 474 626 424 515 573 608 662 591 795 404 369 305 251 302 188 168 202 72 40 35 32 9,542
Female 116 478 632 811 1,272 960 1,513 1,981 2,195 2,252 1,811 1,911 1,098 1,145 1,092 1,024 1,116 939 969 845 157 23 32 164 24,536
Total 947 1,043 1,142 1,285 1,898 1,384 2,028 2,554 2,803 2,914 2,402 2,706 1,502 1,514 1,397 1,275 1,418 1,127 1,137 1,047 229 63 67 196 34,078
Percent age of female defecto rs 12.2% 45.8% 55.3% 63.1% 67.0% 69.4% 74.6% 77.6% 78.3% 77.3% 75.4% 70.6% 73.1% 75.6% 78.2% 80.3% 78.7% 83.3% 85.2% 80.7% 68.6% 36.5% 47.8% 81.3% 72.0%

Number of North Korean Defectors by Age Group

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Age Group
Category Ages 0-9 Ages 10-19 Ages 20-29 Ages 30-39 Ages 40-49 Ages 50-59 Ages 60 and older Total
Male 652 1,707 2,636 2,173 1,406 595 358 9,527
Female 646 2,111 6,990 7,598 4,646 1,469 1,002 24,462
Total 1,298 3,818 9,626 9,771 6,052 2,064 1,360 33,989

※ The figures are based on the ages when they entered South Korea and may differ from the actual number of North Korean defectors due to the exclusion of those who arrived recently and are in protection facilities.

Number of North Korean Defectors by Professional Background in the North

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Professional Background in the North
Category Management Military Workers Unemployed Volunteer sector Arts and sports Professions Non-target (children) Total
Male 413 724 4,199 3,218 94 84 241 554 9,527
Female 141 165 9,273 11,982 1,469 223 531 678 24,462
Total 554 889 13,472 15,200 1,563 307 772 1,232 33,989

※ The figures may differ from the actual number of North Korean defectors due to the exclusion of those who arrived recently and are in protection facilities (The figures may be adjusted as a result of the revision of historical

Number of North Korean Defectors by Academic Background in the North

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Academic Background in the North
Category Preschool child Kindergarten Primary school Secondary school (Middleand highschool) College University and higher education Uneducated Other (unidentified) Total
Male 419 135 806 5,765 862 1,139 360 41 9,527
Female 404 216 1,511 17,793 2,703 1,224 515 96 24,462
Total 823 351 2,317 23,558 3,565 2,363 875 137 33,989

※ The figures may differ from the actual number of North Korean defectors due to the exclusion of those who arrived recently and are in protection facilities, and they include dropouts for each educational level.
※ The figures may be adjusted as a result of the revision of historical data and the category of Other includes those who entered Hanawon recently and did not fill in their academic background.

Number of North Korean Defectors by Region of Birth in the North

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Region of Birth in the North
Cate gory Kangwon Nampo Ryang gang Jagang South Pyongan North Pyongan Pyong yang South Hamg yong North Hamg yong South Hwang hae North Hwang hae Kaesong Other (uniden tified) Total
Male 225 77 1,562 79 465 379 497 778 4,860 275 186 46 98 9,527
Female 379 89 4,484 166 660 511 351 2,114 15,042 210 286 33 137 24,462
Total 604 166 6,046 245 1,125 890 848 2,892 19,902 485 472 79 235 33,989

※ The figures may differ from the actual number of North Korean defectors due to the exclusion of those who arrived recently and are in protection facilities.

Number of North Korean Defectors by Region

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Region
Region Seoul Gyeonggi Incheon Busan North Gyeongsang South Gyeongsang Daegu North Chung cheong South Chung cheong and Sejong
Male 2,019 2,824 785 209 227 230 130 277 360
Female 4,413 8,202 2,156 654 900 815 501 1,137 1,453
Total 6,432 11,026 2,941 863 1,127 1,045 631 1,414 1,813
Region Gwangju Gangwon Daejeon South Jeolla North Jeolla Ulsan Jeju Total
Male 112 215 120 147 114 114 74 7,957
Female 416 692 460 530 413 337 278 23,357
Total 528 907 580 677 527 451 352 31,314

※ The figures do not include those who are dead, whose resident registrations were cancelled, who emigrated, whose residences are unknown, and who are in protection facilities.

Settlement Status of North Korean Defectors

(percentage (%))
Settlement Status of North Korean Defectors
Category ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23
Percentage of recipients receiving livelihood benefits 54.8 54.9 51.3 46.7 40.8 35 32.3 25.3 24.4 24.4 23.8 23.8 23.8 22.8 22.6 22.7
Dropout rates(primary, middle, and highschool) 10.8 6.1 4.9 4.7 3.3 3.46 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.5 3.0 2.9 1.2 1.6 1.9

Economic Activities of North Korean Defectors

(percentage (%))
Economic Activities of North Korean Defectors
Category ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23
Activity Rates 49.6 48.6 42.6 56.5 54.1 56.9 56.6 59.4 57.9 61.2 64.8 62.1 60.1 61.3 63.0 63.4
Employment rates 44.9 41.9 38.7 49.7 50 51.4 53.1 54.6 55 56.9 60.4 58.2 54.4 56.7 59.2 60.5
Unemploy ment rates 9.5 13.7 9.2 12.1 7.5 9.7 6.2 4.8 5.1 7 6.9 6.3 9.4 7.5 6.1 4.5