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South-North Relations

Policy on North Korean Defectors

본문영역

Number of North Korean Defectors Entering South Korea

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors Entering South Korea
Category ~'98 ~'01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 '17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23 ’24 ’25.3 Total
Male 831 565 510 474 626 424 515 573 608 662 591 795 404 369 305 251 302 188 168 202 72 40 35 32 26 1 9,569
Female 116 478 632 811 1,272 960 1,513 1,981 2,195 2,252 1,811 1,911 1,098 1,145 1,092 1,024 1,116 939 969 845 157 23 32 164 210 37 24,783
Total 947 1,043 1,142 1,285 1,898 1,384 2,028 2,554 2,803 2,914 2,402 2,706 1,502 1,514 1,397 1,275 1,418 1,127 1,137 1,047 229 63 67 196 236 38 34,352
Percent age of female defecto rs 12.2% 45.8% 55.3% 63.1% 67.0% 69.4% 74.6% 77.6% 78.3% 77.3% 75.4% 70.6% 73.1% 75.6% 78.2% 80.3% 78.7% 83.3% 85.2% 80.7% 68.6% 36.5% 47.8% 83.7% 89.0% 97.4% 72.1%

Number of North Korean Defectors by Age Group

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Age Group
Category Ages 0-9 Ages 10-19 Ages 20-29 Ages 30-39 Ages 40-49 Ages 50-59 Ages 60 and older Total
Male 652 1,709 2,645 2,177 1,410 609 359 9,561
Female 646 2,113 7,042 7,694 4,721 1,510 1,006 24,732
Total 1,298 3,822 9,687 9,871 6,131 2,119 1,365 34,293

※ The figures are based on the ages when they entered South Korea and may differ from the actual number of North Korean defectors due to the exclusion of those who arrived recently and are in protection facilities.

Number of North Korean Defectors by Professional Background in the North

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Professional Background in the North
Category Management Military Workers Unemployed Volunteer sector Arts and sports Professions Non-target (children) Total
Male 418 725 4,211 3,221 95 83 245 563 9,561
Female 143 171 9,414 12,058 1,491 226 538 691 24,732
Total 561 896 13,625 15,279 1,586 309 783 1,254 34,293

※ The figures may differ from the actual number of North Korean defectors due to the exclusion of those who arrived recently and are in protection facilities (The figures may be adjusted as a result of the revision of historical

Number of North Korean Defectors by Academic Background in the North

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Academic Background in the North
Category Preschool child Kindergarten Primary school Secondary school (Middleand highschool) College University and higher education Uneducated Other (unidentified) Total
Male 419 135 807 5,776 867 1,153 361 43 9,561
Female 405 221 1,535 17,964 2,742 1,235 518 112 24,732
Total 824 356 2,342 23,740 3,609 2,388 879 155 34,293

※ The figures may differ from the actual number of North Korean defectors due to the exclusion of those who arrived recently and are in protection facilities, and they include dropouts for each educational level.
※ The figures may be adjusted as a result of the revision of historical data and the category of Other includes those who entered Hanawon recently and did not fill in their academic background.

Number of North Korean Defectors by Region of Birth in the North

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Region of Birth in the North
Cate gory Kangwon Nampo Ryang gang Jagang South Pyongan North Pyongan Pyong yang South Hamg yong North Hamg yong South Hwang hae North Hwang hae Kaesong Other (uniden tified) Total
Male 225 78 1,565 80 466 379 513 781 4,865 276 188 47 98 9,561
Female 382 94 4,603 171 665 515 359 2,140 15,132 212 290 34 135 24,732
Total 607 172 6,168 251 1,131 894 872 2,921 19,997 488 478 81 233 34,293

※ The figures may differ from the actual number of North Korean defectors due to the exclusion of those who arrived recently and are in protection facilities.

Number of North Korean Defectors by Region

(persons)
Number of North Korean Defectors by Region
Region Seoul Gyeonggi Incheon Busan North Gyeongsang South Gyeongsang Daegu North Chung cheong South Chung cheong and Sejong
Male 1,981 2,798 786 207 234 234 124 290 373
Female 4,391 8,367 2,206 628 891 817 484 1,133 1,474
Total 6,372 11,165 2,992 835 1,125 1,051 608 1,423 1,847
Region Gwangju Gangwon Daejeon South Jeolla North Jeolla Ulsan Jeju Total
Male 108 222 119 136 106 113 65 7,896
Female 402 705 459 550 420 340 275 23,542
Total 510 927 578 686 526 453 340 31,438

※ The figures do not include those who are dead, whose resident registrations were cancelled, who emigrated, whose residences are unknown, and who are in protection facilities.

Settlement Status of North Korean Defectors

(percentage (%))
Settlement Status of North Korean Defectors
Category ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23 ’24
Percentage of recipients receiving livelihood benefits 54.8 54.9 51.3 46.7 40.8 35 32.3 25.3 24.4 24.4 23.8 23.8 23.8 22.8 22.6 22.7 22.9
Dropout rates(primary, middle, and highschool) 10.8 6.1 4.9 4.7 3.3 3.46 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.5 3.0 2.9 1.2 1.6 1.9 2.7

Economic Activities of North Korean Defectors

(percentage (%))
Economic Activities of North Korean Defectors
Category ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23 ’24
Activity Rates 49.6 48.6 42.6 56.5 54.1 56.9 56.6 59.4 57.9 61.2 64.8 62.1 60.1 61.3 63.0 63.4 64.1
Employment rates 44.9 41.9 38.7 49.7 50 51.4 53.1 54.6 55 56.9 60.4 58.2 54.4 56.7 59.2 60.5 60.1
Unemploy ment rates 9.5 13.7 9.2 12.1 7.5 9.7 6.2 4.8 5.1 7 6.9 6.3 9.4 7.5 6.1 4.5 6.3